In the middle of the 20th century scientists found out that continents do not always stay in the same place. When that occurs, fissures in the ground can appear. For example, one plate may move north, while the other may move south. An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to propel objects and people into the air, and wreak destruction across entire cities. But most earthquakes happen because the earth’s plates move. They have been moving on plates for millions of years. Not only did it hit magnitude 8.2 and produce strange lights in the sky, seismologists have now revealed it also cracked a tectonic plate all the way through. Scott K. Johnson - Oct 4, 2018 2:50 pm UTC When two plates push into each other, they form a convergent plate boundary.For example, the oceanic Nazca Plate off the coast of South America along the Peru-Chile trench pushes into and is subducted under the South American Plate. Crustal deformation occurs before, during and after an earthquake.

At the boundaries between these huge plates of rock and soil, the plates sometimes move apart, and magma, or molten rock, comes to the surface, where it's called lava. However, the energy of an earthquake can deform the ground and cause settling. The theory, called plate tectonics, is that the Earth's crust, or lithosphere, comprises many plates that slide over a lubricating asthenosphere layer. A tectonic earthquake occurs where tectonic plates meet, an area known as the boundary. The earth’s surface is made up of many such plates. The beast of an earthquake that rattled Mexico in September of last year has turned out to be even more unusual than we knew. The United States Geological Survey's Earthquake Hazards Program measures this type of …

2017 earthquake off Mexico broke through an entire tectonic plate Magnitude 8.2 in Mexico involved more fault movement than thought possible. The movement of tectonic plates causes earthquakes when two plates that are in contact with each other move in opposite directions and release built-up stress. The same is thought to have happened beneath Iran in 2013 during a magnitude 7.7 tremor.

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